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EPA eGRID

Freeauth: noneCustom#energy#historical-data#time-series#infrastructure#alt-data✓ verified Nov 1, 2026

EPA eGRID

EPA eGRID is an Excel collection of U.S. power-plant, generator, unit and regional electricity data, including generation, fuel mix, emissions, heat input and emission rates. The files download without an account or key.

Required Attribution:

EPA provides suggested APA, MLA and Chicago citations for the eGRID 2023 data on its frequent-questions page.

Coverage

The 2023 plant file covers virtually every U.S. grid-connected plant at facilities with at least 1 MW of combined nameplate capacity; Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico are included. The current workbook is revision 2, released June 12, 2025, and historical editions reach 1996 with gaps between data years.

Verdict

This is a plant-level capacity, generation and emissions signal for comparing the U.S. power mix and regional carbon intensity. Its annual data can support asset screening, fuel-mix analysis and electricity-emissions features, but it is not a live grid feed. EPA can revise releases when source data or methods change, and comparisons across editions need care because methodology changes. Negative net generation and other plant-level edge cases can produce unusual emission rates.

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Use in your agent

Load EPA eGRID 2023 plant data into pandas and Parquet. Checked against the provider's documentation on Nov 1, 2026.

Raw skill file (/skills/epa-egrid.md)Also in our MCP server: call get_ingestion_skill with {"slug": "epa-egrid"}.

Access

  • No account or key. The revision 2 Excel workbook is a public download.
  • Reading XLSX with pandas requires an Excel engine such as openpyxl.

Request

bash
curl -A 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) SignalLabCheck/1.0' -O 'https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx'

Format

XLSX workbook with plant, generator, unit, state, balancing-authority, NERC-region, eGRID-subregion and U.S. sheets. The plant sheet includes IDs, location, capacity, generation, fuels, emissions, heat input and rates.

Load into pandas and Parquet

Needs Python 3 with requests, pandas and pyarrow.

python
"""EPA eGRID 2023 revision 2 plant sheet -> pandas -> Parquet."""
import io
import requests
import pandas as pd

URL = "https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx"
HEADERS = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) SignalLabCheck/1.0"}
r = requests.get(URL, headers=HEADERS, timeout=120)
r.raise_for_status()
df = pd.read_excel(io.BytesIO(r.content), sheet_name="PLNT23")
# The first data row contains EPA's compact field codes rather than a plant.
df = df.iloc[1:].reset_index(drop=True)
df.to_parquet("epa_egrid2023_plants.parquet", index=False)
print(len(df), "plant rows", len(df.columns), "columns",
      df["Plant state abbreviation"].nunique(), "states/areas")

Run by us on 2026-11-01 (python 3.13.5 | pandas 3.1.0 | pyarrow 26.0.0 | requests 2.34.2 | openpyxl 3.1.5). Result: 12612 plant rows 150 columns 52 states/areas

Limits

  • Rate limit: Not stated.
  • The checked workbook is about 21.2 MB and represents data year 2023, not current operations.
  • Historical editions do not cover every calendar year before 2018.

Quirks

  • The first row beneath the descriptive headers contains compact field codes such as SEQPLT23 and PSTATABB; remove it before type-sensitive Parquet export.
  • The workbook has several aggregation levels. Do not add plant, state and regional rows as if they were independent observations.
  • EPA documents methodology and source-data revisions; retain the edition and revision with derived outputs.

Terms and attribution

  • EPA identifies eGRID data as public domain and available for commercial and non-commercial use.
  • EPA supplies suggested citations for eGRID 2023.

Sources

Information and education only. Not financial, investment, legal or tax advice. Listings can be inaccurate, incomplete or out of date and are provided "as is". Free tiers, limits and licenses belong to each provider and can change, so check the provider's own terms before you rely on them. Terms & Disclaimer

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